(DRAFT) - Taxonomy
                           Species turtle, eastern painted
                                 Species Id M030060
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



TAXONOMY

NAME - turtle, eastern painted OTHER COMMON NAMES - ELEMENT CODE - 07/19/84 AOU CODE - 10/15/85 CATEGORY - Reptiles PHYLUM AND SUBPHYLUM - Chordata, Vertebrata CLASS AND SUBCLASS - Reptilia, Anapsida ORDER AND SUBORDER - Testudines, Casichelydia FAMILY AND SUBFAMILY - Emydidae, GENUS AND SUBGENUS - Chrysemys, SPECIES AND SSP - picta, picta SCIENTIFIC NAME - Chrysemys picta picta AUTHORITY - Schneider TAXONOMY REFERENCES - 1024 and 2982 Taxonomy - 1
                                  (DRAFT) - Status
                           Species turtle, eastern painted
                                 Species Id M030060
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



STATUS

Status - 1
                               (DRAFT) - Distribution
                           Species turtle, eastern painted
                                 Species Id M030060
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



DISTRIBUTION

References on County Occurrence - 001, 003, 005, 007, 009, 011, 013, 015, 017, 019, 021, 023, 025, 027, 029, 031, 033, 035, 036, 037, 041, 043, 045, 047, 049, 051, 053, 057, 059, 061, 063, 065, 067, 069, 071, 073, 075, 077, 079, 081, 083, 085, 087, 089, 091, 093, 095, 097, 099, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 125, 127, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143, 145, 147, 149, 153, 155, 157, 159, 161, 163, 165, 167, 169, 171, 173, 175, 177, 179, 181, 183, 185, 187, 191, 193, 195, 197, 199, 510, 515, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590, 595, 600, 610, 620, 630, 640, 650, 660, 670, 678, 680, 683, 685, 690, 700, 710, 720, 730, 735, 740, 750, 760, 770, 775, 780, 790, 800, 810, 820, 830, 840, CB1, CB2, CB3 and AO1 References on County Abundance - 001, 003, 005, 007, 009, 011, 013, 015, 017, 019, 021, 023, 025, 027, 029, 031, 033, 035, 036, 037, 041, 043, 045, 047, 049, 051, 053, 057, 059, 061, 063, 065, 067, 069, 071, 073, 075, 077, 079, 081, 083, 085, 087, 089, 091, 093, 095, 097, 099, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 125, 127, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143, 145, 147, 149, 153, 155, 157, 159, 161, 163, 165, 167, 169, 171, 173, 175, 177, 179, 181, 183, 185, 187, 191, 193, 195, 197, 199, 510, 515, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590, 595, 600, 610, 620, 630, 640, 650, 660, 670, 678, 680, 683, 685, 690, 700, 710, 720, 730, 735, 740, 750, 760, 770, 775, 780, 790, 800, 810, 820, 830, 840, CB1, CB2, CB3 and AO1 REFERENCES FOR HYDROLOGIC UNIT CODES - 001, 003, 005, 007, 009, 011, 013, 015, 017, 019, 021, 023, 025, 027, 029, 031, 033, 035, 036, 037, 041, 043, 045, 047, 049, 051, 053, 057, 059, 061, 063, 065, 067, 069, 071, 073, 075, 077, 079, 081, 083, 085, 087, 089, 091, 093, 095, 097, 099, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 125, 127, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143, 145, 147, 149, 153, 155, 157, 159, 161, 163, 165, 167, 169, 171, 173, 175, 177, 179, 181, 183, 185, 187, 191, 193, 195, 197, 199, 510, 515, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590, 595, 600, 610, 620, 630, 640, 650, 660, 670, 678, 680, 683, 685, 690, 700, 710, 720, 730, 735, 740, 750, 760, 770, 775, 780, 790, 800, 810, 820, 830, 840, CB1, CB2, CB3 and AO1 REFERENCES FOR OTHER DISTRIBUTION - F Distribution - 1
     

HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS

HABITAT - Aquatic REFERENCES FOR HABITAT - 1027, 1038 and 2988 LAND USE - Forest Land Deciduous Forest Land Evergreen Forest Land Mixed Forest Land Water Streams and Canals Lakes Reservoirs Bays and Estuaries REFERENCES FOR LAND USE - 1027 and 2988 NATIONAL WETLAND INVENTORY CODES NWI NWICLS NWIMOD NWISPEC Marine, subtidal Lacustrine, limnetic Lacustrine, littoral REFERENCES FOR NWI - 1027, 1038 and 2988 POTENTIAL NATURAL VEGETATION - 065 Northern Cordgrass Prairie (Distichlis-Spartina) 094 Mixed Mesophytic Forest (Acer-Aesculus-Fagus-Lirioden 095 Appalachian Oak Forest (Quercus) 097 Northern Hardwoods (Acer-Betula-Fagus-Tsuga) 101 Oak - Hickory - Pine Forest (Quercus-Carya-Pinus) 103 Southern Floodplain Forest (Quercus-Nyssa-Taxodium) REFERENCES FOR PNV - 882 ECOREGION - Mixed mesophytic Forest: Low Mountains Appalachian Oak forest: Plains with High Hills Appalachian Oak Forest: Plains with Low Mountains Appalachian Oak Forest: Open Hills Appalachian Oak Forest: Open Low Mountains Appalachian Oak Forest: Irregular Plains Appalachian Oak Forest: Low Mountains Southeastern Mixed Forest: Plains with High Hills Southeastern Mixed Forest: Plains with Low Mountains Southeastern Mixed Forest: Low Mountains Southeastern Mixed Forest: Open Low Mountains Southeastern Mixed Forest: Flat Plains Southeastern Mixed Forest: Irregular Plains Southeastern Mixed Forest: Irregular Plains, slight rel Southeastern Mixed Forest: Open Hills Southeastern Mixed Forest: Plains with Hills REFERENCES FOR ECOREGION - 882 Habitat Associations - 1
                                (DRAFT) - Food Habits
                           Species turtle, eastern painted
                                 Species Id M030060
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



FOOD HABITS

TROPHIC LEVEL - Omnivore REFERENCES FOR TROPHIC LEVEL - 1027 and 2988 LIFESTAGE FOOD FOOD PART General Amphibia Not Specified General Plants Not Specified General Detritus Not Applicable General Animals Not Specified General Carrion Not Specified General Tracheophyta Not Specified General Detritus - Organic Not Applicable General Rotiferans Not Specified General Molluscs Not Specified General Snails Not Specified General Crustaceans Not Specified General Malacostraca Not Specified General Insects Not Specified General Collembola Not Specified General Odonata Not Specified General Coleoptera Not Specified General Diptera Not Specified General Osteichthyes Not Specified REFERENCES FOR GENERAL FOOD - 1027 and 2988 Food Habits - 1
                         (DRAFT) - Environment Associations
                           Species turtle, eastern painted
                                 Species Id M030060
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATIONS

G = General A = Adult LIM = Limiting RA = Resting Adult J = Juvenile FA = Feeding Adult RJ = Resting Juvenile BA = Breeding Adult FJ = Feeding Juvenile P = Pupae L = Larvae E = Egg RL = Resting Larvae FL = Feeding Larvae
LIFESTAGE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATIONS G Aquatic Vegetation [specified type]: Specified in comments G Aquatic Features: Specified in Comments REFERENCES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOC_ - 1027, 1038 and 2988 COMMENTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATIONS - 00130S=aquatic vegetation is important, but to what degree is unknown *1027,2988*; 00430S=water needs to be slow moving *1027,1038,2988* Environment Associations - 1
                               (DRAFT) - Life History
                           Species turtle, eastern painted
                                 Species Id M030060
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



LIFE HISTORY

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: small (10-25 cm) turtle with red markings on the marginals and a notched upper jaw; carapace is smooth, oval flattened, and keelless, highest and widest points are at the center, posterior margin is without serration, carapace is olive to black with yellow or red borders along the seams and red bars or crescents on the marginals; bridge is plain and hingeless; plastron is yellowish; skin is black to olive; neck, legs and tail are striped with red and yellow; head striped with yellow; yellow line extends rearward from below eye and may meet similar line from lower jaw; yellow streak on each side of head behind the eyes; chin is marked with 2 wide yellow lines which meet at the tip of the jaw and enclose a narrow yellow stripe; males have elongated foreclaws and long thicknails; females are larger in all shell dimensions *2988*; REPRODUCTION: eggs are elliptical in shape with average dimension of 1.3 by 0.905 inches *1027*; shell is white and thin *1007*; breeding season=usually around April *1027*; incubation period=approximately 75 days *1027*; male sexually mature at 4 years, females sexually mature at 5 years *2988*; breeding behavior=male chooses female and by swimming rapidly overtakes her, when well in front, male turns to face her and continues to swim, now backwards; extending his forelimbs, with palms outward, he rapidly caresses her chin and side of head with the back of his long claws, this continues over and over again until copulation occurs *1007*; clutch size=3-11 eggs *1027*; BEHAVIOR: diurnal *2988*; appears to leave vicinity of water to make short migrations to a more suitable habitat *1027*; nest site=nest construction is a drilling operation in which the female plants one foot firmly as an auger and then gyrated about it to bore out the nesting hole; eggs laid from May to July *1027*; hatchlings may over winter in the nest or egg *2988*; hibernates under water usually well buried in mud, emerges in March and April *1027*; may become active during warm spells *2988*; very fond of basking, often a dozen or more congregate to take sun on a log or other partly submerged object *2988*; POPULATION PARAMETERS: sex ratio=1:1 *2988*; AQUATIC/TERRESTRIAL ASSOCIATIONS: predators of adults=alligators, predators of juveniles=mink, muskrats, crows, black racers, larger turtles, bullfrogs, large fish; predators of eggs=13-lined ground squirrel, gray squirrel, skunks, foxes, badgers, raccoons, garter snakes and man *2988*; OTHER: automobiles and pesticides causes of mortality for adults *2988* REFERENCES FOR LIFE HISTORY- 1027, 1038, 2988 and 1007 Life History - 1
                           (DRAFT) - Management Practices
                           Species turtle, eastern painted
                                 Species Id M030060
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

Management Practices - 1
                                   (DRAFT) - References
                             Species turtle, eastern painted
                                    Species Id M030060
                                      Date 26 AUG 96



     

References

882* Conant, R. 1958. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of the United States and Canada East of the 100th Meridian. Peterson Field Guide Series. Houghton Mifflin Co. Boston, Mass:366. 1007* Babcock, H.L. 1971. Turtles of the Northeastern United States. Dover Publ. New York, New York:105. 1024* Parker, S.P. (ed.)1982. Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill Book Co. New York, New York:1232. 1027* Carr, A.F. 1952. Handbook of Turtles. Turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Comstock Publ. Assoc. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, N.Y:542. 1038* Pope, C.H. 1939. Turtles of the United States and Canada. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. New York, N.Y:343. 2982* Ernst, C.H. 1971. Chrysemys picta. Catalog of American amphibians and reptiles. Am. Soc. of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists:345. 2988* Ernst, C.H., Barbour, R.W. 1972. Turtles of the United States. Univ. Press of Kentucky Lexington:347. References - 1