(DRAFT) - Taxonomy
                              Species porpoise, harbor
                                 Species Id M120027
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



TAXONOMY

NAME - porpoise, harbor OTHER COMMON NAMES - ELEMENT CODE - 03/19/84 AOU CODE - 04/29/85 CATEGORY - Marine Mammals PHYLUM AND SUBPHYLUM - Chordata, Vertebrata CLASS AND SUBCLASS - Mammalia, Theria ORDER AND SUBORDER - Cetaea, Odontoceti FAMILY AND SUBFAMILY - Phocoenidae, GENUS AND SUBGENUS - Phocoena, SPECIES AND SSP - phocoena, SCIENTIFIC NAME - Phocoena phocoena AUTHORITY - Linnaeus 1758 TAXONOMY REFERENCES - 2094 and 1033 Taxonomy - 1
                                  (DRAFT) - Status
                              Species porpoise, harbor
                                 Species Id M120027
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



STATUS

Coded Status Marine Mammal REFERENCES FOR STATUS - 1029 and 1033 Status - 1
                               (DRAFT) - Distribution
                              Species porpoise, harbor
                                 Species Id M120027
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



DISTRIBUTION

References on County Occurrence - AO1 References on County Abundance - AO1 REFERENCES FOR HYDROLOGIC UNIT CODES - AO1 REFERENCES FOR OTHER DISTRIBUTION - G Distribution - 1
     

HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS

HABITAT - Aquatic REFERENCES FOR HABITAT - 1033 LAND USE - Water Atlantic Ocean Coastal Waters REFERENCES FOR LAND USE - 1043, 1048 and 2095 NATIONAL WETLAND INVENTORY CODES NWI NWICLS NWIMOD NWISPEC Marine, subtidal OW0 Estuarine, subtidal OW0 REFERENCES FOR NWI - 1048, 1033 and 2095 ANIMAL/PLANT SPECIES ASSOCIATIONS - Parasites: Campula oblonga Lecithodesmus nipponicus Opictharchis tenuicollis Pholeter gastrophilus Diphyllobothrium sp. Anisakis simplex Halocercus sp. Pharurus convolutus Porrocaecum decipiens Pseudalius inflexus Stenurus minor Corynosoma sp. *1030* REFERENCES FOR SPECIES ASSOCIATIONS - 1030 Habitat Associations - 1
                                (DRAFT) - Food Habits
                              Species porpoise, harbor
                                 Species Id M120027
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



FOOD HABITS

TROPHIC LEVEL - Carnivore REFERENCES FOR TROPHIC LEVEL - 1043, 1048, 1037 and 1035 LIFESTAGE FOOD FOOD PART General Animals Not Applicable General Animals Adult stage General Animals Egg/Fetus stage General Osteichthyes Adult stage General Gadiformes Adult stage General Pleuronectiformes Adult stage General Clupeiformes Egg/Fetus stage General Plants See Comments General Other Plant Species See Comments General Salmoniformes Adult stage General Molluscs Adult stage General Squid, Octopus Adult stage General Crustaceans Adult stage General Chondrichthyes Adult stage Important Animals Not Applicable REFERENCES FOR GENERAL FOOD - 1037, 1043, 1035 and 1048 REFERENCES FOR IMPORTANT FOOD - 1037, 1043, 1035 and 1048 COMMENTS ON FOOD - 0900S,3900S=occasionally eats kelp with herring eggs *1037* Food Habits - 1
                         (DRAFT) - Environment Associations
                              Species porpoise, harbor
                                 Species Id M120027
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATIONS

G = General A = Adult LIM = Limiting RA = Resting Adult J = Juvenile FA = Feeding Adult RJ = Resting Juvenile BA = Breeding Adult FJ = Feeding Juvenile P = Pupae L = Larvae E = Egg RL = Resting Larvae FL = Feeding Larvae
LIFESTAGE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATIONS G Aquatic Habitat Zonation: Open water [pelagic zone] G Aquatic Habitat Zonation: Specified in Comments LIM Aquatic Habitat Zonation: Open water [pelagic zone] REFERENCES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOC_ - 1043, 2094 and 1037 REFERENCES FOR LIMITING ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOC_ - 1033 COMMENTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATIONS - 00190S=prefers coastal waters, sometimes enters bays and river mouths *2094* Environment Associations - 1
                               (DRAFT) - Life History
                              Species porpoise, harbor
                                 Species Id M120027
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



LIFE HISTORY

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: weight about 110 pounds; length about 5 feet (1.5 m); the body is small and robust; the head is small, rounded, and lacks a beak; dorsal fin is small and triangular; from the dorsal fin a ridge runs to the flukes; gray dorsally, white ventrally; teeth are 2.5 mm in diameter and spade shaped, dental formula is 23-28/22-26 *1043,2094,1030,1035*; REPRODUCTION: breeding season from July to October; gestation period is 8-10 months; 1 young/period/year; mature at 1.25 years of age; breeding behavior is unknown *1043,1035,1044*; BEHAVIOR: travels in small schools or pairs *1037,1035*; ORIGIN: native *2094* REFERENCES FOR LIFE HISTORY- 1043, 2094, 1030, 1037, 1035 and 1044 Life History - 1
                           (DRAFT) - Management Practices
                              Species porpoise, harbor
                                 Species Id M120027
                                   Date 26 AUG 96



MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

RESULT MANAGEMENT PRACTICE Beneficial Regulating harvest of species being described Beneficial Prohibiting harvest of species being described Beneficial Public education - publicity Beneficial Public education - law enforcement Existing Regulating harvest of species being described Existing Prohibiting harvest of species being described Existing Public education - publicity Existing Public education - law enforcement Existing Other management practices [specified in comments] REFERENCES FOR BENEFICIAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES - 1048 REFERENCES FOR EXISTING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES - 1048 COMMENTS ON MANAGEMENT PRACTICES - 999(E)=permits are issued by the U.S.D.C. to allow for incidental take in fisheries *1048* Management Practices - 1
                                   (DRAFT) - References
                                 Species porpoise, harbor
                                    Species Id M120027
                                      Date 26 AUG 96



     

References

276 * Harvey, James T., David L. Stein. 1986. The State of Scientific Information Relating to the Biology and Ecology of the Gorda Ridge Study Area, Northeast Pacific Ocean: Nekton. (0-86-7) (ed.). Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Portland, Oregon:131. 1029* (ed.). Checklist of Virginia marine mammals. Virginia Assoc. Res. Campus 12. 1030* Dailey, M.D., Brownell, R.L., Jr. 1972. A checklist of marine mammal parasites. Mammals of the Sea: Biology and Medicine Ridgeway, S. H. Charles C. Thomas Publ. Springfield, Ill:528-529. 1033* Gunderson, H.L. 1976. Mammalogy. McGraw-Hill Inc. New York, N.Y:117-120. 1035* Martin, R.M. 1977. Mammals of the Oceans. G.P. Putnam's Sons New York, N.Y:44-82. 1037* Nishiwaki, M. 1972. General biology. Mammals of the Sea: Biology and Medicine Ridgeway, S. H. Charles C. Thomas Publ. Springfield, Ill:3-204. 1043* Schmidly, D.J. 1981. Marine mammals of the southeastern United States and the Gulf of Mexico. (41). U.S. Fish and Wildl. Serv., Off. Biol. Serv. Washington, D.C:163. 1044* Slijper, E.J. 1979. Whales. Cornell Univ. Press Ithica, N.Y:384-385. 1048* Serv., National Marine Fisheries. 1981. Marine mammal protection act of 1972. Annual report.. U.S. Dep. Comm., Natl. Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin. Washington, D.C:143. 2094* Leatherwood, S., Caldwell, D.K., Winn, H.E. 1976. Whales, dolphins, and porpoises of the western North Atlantic. A guide to their identification. Marine Fish. Serv. Circ. 396. Natl. Oceanic Atmos. Adm. Washington, D.C:176. 2095* Walker, E.P. 1975. MAMMALS OF THE WORLD. The Johns Hopkins Press Baltimore. References - 1