One of the major differences between the Guidance System and other approaches to environmental analyses, management, and planning is that it analyzes the community in terms of human objectives. These are translated into benefits or benefit units, expressions of utility. It is a resource system and that implies having a system with "the good" defined or specified by humans. How do you know when the community is working right, when it is at its best? The answer: when it meets a set of criteria for "good." What are these criteria? The answer: Human objectives as specified and quantified by the citizens of the community using Guidance.

The objectives are numerous but they reflect the full range of objectives that the designers of Guidance think are important. To isolate those only related to the environment results in failures and undesirable limitations. To separate the objectives and to seek to achieve them without involving all of the aspects of the community denies the concept of the ecosystem. Guidance emphasizes the environmental objectives, provides some help and suggestions to meet many other objectives, but most importantly provides a total framework -- a playing field -- for continued, high quality expansion of the system to achieve all community objectives.

The following list is suggested. These are tentative. Citizens are encouraged to add, delete, or modify them. The sample lists are shown on the next pages. After changes, a small computer program asks citizens (or their elected of appointed representatives) to provide the following values for each objective:

Units - the measures or expressions of each objective, e.g., board feet of lumber.

Demand - the number or amount needed (modified by the maximum amount feasible).

Weight - relative importance of each unit of each objective; also called value.

Expectation - the probability of occurrence or (1.0 - Risk of failure).

Variety limits - assuring many objectives are at least partially achieved, not just one.

Other limits - legal and policy limitations

Substitutability - paired willingness or ability to substitute achievement of one objective in lieu of another

The above values are difficult to assign. It is hard work and takes time. However saves time over the years! The values are essential for rationale and cost-effective planning and management. The following approximately 300 objectives are suggested in their recommended form. Once they are seen in this form, it will be evident that many are highly inter-related. Actions to achieve one may help achieve others. To the contrary, action to achieve some conflict with and reduce achievement of others. That is the nature of the tradeoff needed and conflicts reduced.

THE PEOPLE

1. To maximize the opportunities for every citizen to achieve his/her genetic potential.
2. To provide adequate counseling opportunities for youth and their families.
3. To predict accurately the community population changes in terms of sex, ethnicity, age, birth, death, migration, education, and income resulting from changes within the community.
4. To minimize the difference between the actual population and the ability of the community and continuous communities to support it.
5. To minimize juvenile delinquency.
6. To maximize housing for the elderly for whom it is not otherwise available.
7. To maximize constructive interactions of the elderly with other groups and sub-units within the community.
8. To maximize the educational and counseling opportunities for the families of pre-teenaged children within the community.
9. To make available to the elderly sufficient space-heating energy to enable them to achieve a daytime winter temperature at or above 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
10. To maximize educational and counseling opportunities for expectant mothers and their families within the community.
11. To maximize opportunities for high quality nursery service for families.
12. To minimize child-beating, trauma, and poisoning.
13. To minimize spousal abuse and trauma.

HEALTH

1. To maximize the number of vital family units
2. To maximize the number of students judged to be amply supported financially.
3. To maximize an index of desirable time between birth events.
4. To maximize the life expectancy of the population of the community.
5. To minimize in the community population the probabilities of occurrence of genetic phenomena judged by a panel of experts to be abnormal or unhealthy.
6. To minimize premature births.
7. To maximize the nutritional regime for pre-natal mothers.
8. To maximize the number of wanted children born to vital families.
9. To minimize the birth of abnormal, retarded, handicapped, defective, or diseased (genetic or otherwise) children.
10. To minimize infant mortality.
11. To minimize the ratio of mortality-of-aged to mortality-of-infants.
12. To maximize accuracy of citizens' perception of disease incidence, rate of spread, intensity of effects, risks, and reversibility.
13. To achieve enhanced citizen satisfaction from knowledge of the absence of detectable disease.
14. To minimize disease susceptibility of all age classes and sexes.
15. To achieve the earliest possible diagnosis of disease.
16. To minimize the duration of all disease.
17. To maximize the speed, accuracy, and reliability of diagnosis.
18. To reduce the mean duration and intensity of effect of the major infectious and communicable diseases.
19. To minimize the probability of disability resulting from disease.
20. To minimize the number of citizens unable to obtain legal employment due to physical disability.
21. To equip the largest number of disabled people with devices allowing the greatest amount and range of action per dollar invested in equipment.
22. To minimize the number of people requiring high quality long-term care and support during illness or disability.
23. To stabilize or reduce morbidity rates in the major infectious and communicable diseases.
24. To maximize recovery rates, minimize relapses and recurrences, and minimize second-disease occurrence within 365 days after recovery.
25. To provide treatment for all pathogenic states at the lowest costs sufficient to enable body structure and the processes to recover to within 90 percent or greater of the pre-disease efficiency.
26. To maximize allocation of resources toward treating diseases for which the probable differences in the patient between treatment and non-treatment are greatest.
27. To maximize the rate of treating diseases for which the probability of altering the cause of the disease is least probable.
28. To maximize the ratio of the actual population health to a conceptual optimum population health.
29. To minimize tuberculosis.
30. To minimize the total and mean dental caries per age-weighted person in the population.
31. To maximize the accessibility of the most effective known generic drugs or medicines for the lowest costs.
32. To maximize the number of post-treatment mental patients returning to a normal home environment.
33. To minimize both treatment time and recovery time for mental patients.
34. To minimize return of discharged citizen patients to mental hospitals.
35. To maximize citizen satisfactions and direct benefits experienced from the knowledge of having physical and mental health, equal to or above the 1975 norm, from completing disease- and accident-free years, and from achieving levels of an individual, complex, health-status index.
36. To minimize the incidence of alcoholism.
37. To minimize the incidence of drug addiction.
38. To minimize the duration of alcoholism and addiction.
39. To stabilize or reduce rates of occurrence of major accidents.
40. To minimize health problems associated with natural disaster, military operations, or significant socio-political change.
41. To minimize the time from trauma to treatment.
42. To minimize the number of institutionalized elderly citizens.
43. To minimize the occurrence and probability of highway, industrial, and home accidents.
44. To provide within three hours, emergency response to 90 percent of the needs of ten or more people experiencing (or likely to experience) major natural catastrophe.
45. To minimize chronic poisoning.
46. To minimize acute poisoning.
47. To minimize in foods sold within the community, pathogens, tetratogens, carcinogens, toxicants and other substances known to be or highly probable to be detrimental to health.
48. To minimize heavy metal accumulations in citizens of the community.
49. To minimize the key indices of the effects of air pollution on citizens.
50. To minimize key indices of noise pollution effects on citizens.
51. To minimize the volume of solid waste disposal.
52. To reduce the probability of disease transmission associated with sewage and garbage.
53. To maximize the use of ideal solid waste disposal spaces.
54. To reduce pathogens in ground water and other waste supplies, both public and private.
55. To reduce the probability of disease or dysfunction resulting from drinking water.
56. To prevent settlement and development where ample supplies of high quality water are unavailable.
57. To minimize human exposure to microwave, nuclear, x-ray, and other harmful radiation.
58. To minimize disease and dysfunction resulting from eating in public or semi-public places.
59. To maximize the number of habitations that are disease vector-free over most of the year.
60. To maximize a set of indices expressive of the nutritional status of the population.
61. To minimize the variance among communities in the nutritional indices for the population.
62. To maximize acceptability of health care programs and treatment by citizens and members of the medical community.
63. To recruit, provide educational opportunities for, and maintain performance competency of doctors and other medical workers at or above the 1980 level.
64. To maximize the diversity of and fail-safeness of biomedical technology available within six hours for every citizen.
65. To maintain at least one program or treatment alternative where benefit- to-cost ratios are equal to or do not exceed five percent of the primary program or treatment.
66. To minimize undesirable secondary consequences, externalities, and counter-intuitive aspects of programs and treatments.
67. To develop the needed legal codes and atmosphere within which these health objectives can be achieved.
68. To minimize the time between publishing of research results in reviewed medical and health journals and justified application to citizens of the community.

EDUCATION

1. To provide children within the community schools that are dynamically developed to enable children to achieve their full potential in every area of their interest, including basic competence in language and mathematics.
2. To maximize the number and diversity of opportunities for citizens of the community to participate in educational and training experiences.
3. To provide cost-effective physical environments for teaching and learning for all people of the community.
4. To maximize the alternative uses of school buildings, consistent with their educational function.
5. To maximize teachers', staff's, and learners' involvement with the community at large.
6. To make available diverse educational materials, modules, and services to meet the expressed desires of at least 70 percent of the citizens.
7. To maximize the citizen-learners' expressions and selections of their educational goals.
8. To maximize the number of citizens above age 18 that hold a high school diploma or its equivalent.
9. To provide counseling and aids for all citizens to enhance their perception of their potential.
10. To minimize the time required per student to achieve indices of desired, lasting behaviors or competencies.
11. To minimize the public cost per unit of desired changed behavior.
12. To provide needed tutoring as well as educational aid and enhancement programs.
13. To employ and retain the best educated, most student-oriented, and most highly motivated teachers available.
14. To develop and operate an effective system of teacher evaluation, education, and incentives.
15. To develop effective governance and management of the educational systems for the people of the community.
16. To provide a suitable continuous means by which all citizens of the community may articulate their satisfaction with the quantity, quality and costs of the educational system. To provide information to the citizens about their community, achievement of goals, benefits experienced, opportunities, and needs.
17. To maximize information storage and retrieval services for all citizens.
18. To provide children of the community a school curriculum that enables them to become involved, contributing, and reasonably fulfilled members of a community.
19. To develop cost-effective systems of education for students and citizens with exceptional learning talents.
20. To develop a cost-effective system including facilities of special education for the handicapped for ensuring continued student growth and improvement.
21. To retain best-educated students within the community.

SAFETY

1. To minimize total accidents to citizens and property within the community.
2. To minimize hazardous roads, road conditions and road intersections.
3. To maximize safety of pedestrians and bicyclists.
4. To maximize the predictability of accidents and hazard potentials of sites.
5. To maximize safety for all travelers within the community.
6. To minimize the total number and variance of insurance claims for personal and property loss over a sliding 5-year period of analysis.

INDUSTRY, COMMERCE, AND FINANCE

1. To maximize industrial diversity.
2. To maximize the availability of required commercial services for citizens of the community.
3. To stabilize or increase relative land or property values.
4. To provide opportunities for a maximum number of business owners to make profits equal to or greater than the mean annual profits in contiguous communities.
5. To minimize bankruptcy suits.
6. To minimize an index of the number, duration of vacancy, and per-month income foregone from unoccupied business spaces within the community.
7. To encourage ingress of energy-efficient industries.
8. To maximize the energy efficiency of industry existing within the community.
9. To maximize the export of goods from the community.
10. To minimize industrial impacts on the environment.
11. To minimize industrial use of agricultural land and open space.
12. To maximize the taxable property and income base of the community.
13. To maximize at least one major index of citizen satisfaction with the industrial and commercial complex of the community.
14. To minimize land "speculation."
15. To minimize citizen complaints to their government about industrial air and water pollution.
16. To minimize industrial and commercial damage from floods.

LAND USE

1. To so use land as to maximize alternatives for future decisions on land use.
2. To minimize water table losses.
3. To maximize land use diversity.
4. To maximize profits from the mineral resources of the property.
5. To maximize percolation and ground water recharge.
6. To minimize runoff.
7. To minimize erosion.
8. To minimize developments in flood plains, near geological faults, or in or near sink holes.
9. To minimize dust, air, water, and ground water pollution.
10. To report a land use inventory at least every 10 years.
11. To maximize the use of agricultural land for agricultural production.
12. To maximize recreational areas and open or green space within reasonable walking distance of every resident.
13. To minimize heat loss effects on winds in winter and unpleasant or damaging dustiness in all seasons.
14. To minimize the introduction of exotic or non-native plants and animals.

FIRE

1. To minimize the number of fires.
2. To minimize the injury and damage caused by fires within the community.
3. To maximize the ease of fire suppression in buildings.
4. To minimize the mean time between fire and emergency reports and arrival of needed assistance.
5. To minimize injury and death of people fire fighting.
6. To minimize the costs of fire prevention and suppression.

RECREATION AND LEISURE

1. To provide education, publicity, and counseling about leisure-time activities.
2. To provide diverse recreational opportunities throughout the community.
3. To provide recreational opportunities for large-group and competitive activities.
4. To provide recreational opportunities for individuals and small group activities
5. To provide recreational opportunities that are used to within 5 percent of their capacity.
6. To provide a sufficient basic set of free recreational opportunities in each urban neighborhood and in each rural community.
7. To provide recreational facilities uniquely designed for and largely used only by citizens of the age classes of the very young, youth, middle aged, and elderly.
8. To provide temporary and experimental recreational opportunities.
9. To minimize public costs per unit of quality-ranked use of the recreational opportunities of the community.
10. To provide space and opportunities for citizens of the community to display their creative works, talents, and activities.
11. To provide recreational areas for the very young with maximum ease of access and safety.
12. To provide adequate, healthful, year-round indoor recreational opportunities for 90 percent of the youth living within the community.
13. To provide high-risk and adventurous recreational and leisure-time opportunities.

RELIGION

1. To provide spaces within which opportunity exists for religious statement and practice consistent with the opportunities, amenities, and environmental quality of non-participants.
2. To minimize travel costs to such structures.
3. To minimize public costs to public service such structures.
4. To minimize the variance of such annual indebtedness (1-2 above) within the community.
5. To minimize the average citizen monetary indebtedness in church structures.

COMMUNITY IDENTITY

1. To employ effective systems of citizen involvement in objective formation, weighting, risk, and demand assessment.
2. To publish a list of citizen's objectives for themselves and their community, revised within five years.
3. To quantify trends in changes in objectives, weights, perceived risks, and demands and report them to decision-makers.
4. To report how well decisions and actions of citizens and their government achieve the objectives or are consistent with them.

ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION

1. To minimize capital investments and permanent labor forces associated with administration and government consistent with providing desired benefits from the community.
2. To maximize the benefits received by citizens as a result of activities they could not accomplish alone or in families.
3. To minimize the difference between citizen-expressed desires and the consequences of government-made decisions.
4. To maximize the cost-effectiveness of the community as a managed system.
5. To evaluate community government and administration at least every 10 years to assure that it is consistent with objectives and values of the citizens of the community.
6. To maximize the stability of the community governance.
7. To maximize citizen participation, registration, and voting in governmental questions and elections.

EMPLOYMENT

1. To maximize the number of citizens employed within the community.
2. To achieve at least 75 percent employment of the working population in activities that they find at least 75 percent satisfying.
3. To assure work opportunities for at least 50 percent of the youth of the community.
4. To maximize opportunities for advances in employment in responsibility, required knowledge or skills, and satisfaction.
5. To minimize the 5-year variance in unemployment.
6. To maximize the number of citizens amply protected by medical and unemployment insurance.
7. To minimize both number and duration of work stoppages among public employees.
8. To maximize the meaningful work and service opportunities for the elderly citizens of the community.
9. To maximize the meaningful work and service opportunities for the handicapped citizens of the community.
10. To achieve diverse employment opportunities such that no more than 40 percent of the employment in the community and contiguous communities is by one employer.

FOOD AND NUTRITION

1. To maximize the probability that all citizens can secure a continuous supply, or opportunity to secure, abundant, high-quality foods year around.
2. To maximize the mean nutritional status of all citizens.
3. To minimize malnutrition within the community.
4. To minimize disease or dysfunction resulting from improper quantities or quality of foods.
5. To maximize the nutritional levels for all pre-natal children and mothers and all children through age seven.
6. To minimize food costs to citizens.

LIVING SPACES

1. To stabilize or increase the quality of living spaces throughout the community.
2. To provide diversity of housing type and settlement configurations throughout the community.
3. To provide opportunities to high quality living spaces for every citizen.
4. To maximize the number of "decent physical shelters" defined as:
   • not deteriorating;
   • not needing major structural repairs;
   • being safe;
   • having hot and cold running water;
   • having an indoor toilet;
   • having at least reasonable light and air;
   • not being overcrowded (i.e., there should be more than 700 sq. ft. per person);
   • within a range that 80% of the citizens can afford;
   • being away from major sources of noise or pollution;
   • compatible with all relevant building codes.
5. To minimize the mean time per unit that rental space units are unoccupied.
6. To minimize noise in residential areas.
7. To minimize structural damage from earthquakes, hurricanes, winds, and other natural or human disasters.
8. To minimize the mean total travel time and travel time per mile between home and shopping areas.
9. To minimize the mean travel time between home and places of doing business.
10. To minimize one-way travel time for citizens from home to work.
11. To maximize the life expectancy of structures within the community.
12. To minimize slums and dilapidated structures.
13. To prevent the formation of ghettos or ghetto-like conditions.
15. To maintain viable city or community centers. To minimize the variance in the percent change in buildings within the community.
16. To minimize urban sprawl.
17. To minimize developments of existing or planned roads that are removed from utilities.

LANDSCAPING AND VEGETATION

1. To minimize the time that any soil area remains unvegetated.
2. To provide landscaping leadership on corporation lands for citizens.
3. To maximize the opportunities for all citizens to garden.
4. To maximize the sum of the quality weights or landscapes within the community over 10 years, each year being weighted by the number of actual or potential viewers.
5. To maximize the number and acreage of parcels of land (e.g., lots) in the community judged by a trained committee to exceed a minimum landscape quality index.
6. To minimize change in desirable landscape features publicly recognized as special or unique.
7. To maximize the acres of green or open space of the community calculated as needed for such purposes.
8. To develop as public resources an appropriate number of spots that are uniquely landscaped.
9. To maximize the numbers of species and the number of large landscape trees within the community.

SECURITY AND JUSTICE

1. To minimize the number of committed crimes.
2. To conduct a cost-effective crime prevention program.
3. To achieve a "crime solution rate7quot; equal to or superior to the mean rates of contiguous communities.
4. To minimize the number of crimes committed harmful to individuals.
5. To minimize the annual sum of mean property loss from reported crimes and annual law enforcement retention and court costs.
6. To provide counseling, psychological services, and training for citizens with high potential for committing crimes and for those citizens having been convicted.
7. To predict occurrence of crimes.
8. To develop a law enforcement system for the community with internal checks and balances, high professionalism, and fail-safe and back-up forces.
9. To maximize law enforcement, medical, emergency, and security communication among contiguous communities.
10. To minimize repeat rates for those convicted of crimes.
11. To minimize the modal time between arrest and conviction, dismissal, or acquittal.
12. To minimize penal confinement while maximizing alternative opportunities for recreation or other activities, particularly for juveniles.
13. To maximize the opportunity for all citizens to secure high-quality legal advice.
14. To minimize for citizens convicted of a crime, the time from conviction to rehabilitation and a normal life.
15. To minimize the difference between convictions and the number of crimes reported as committed.
16. To support on-going law enforcement research efforts, utilize latest cost-effective discoveries, and contribute descriptions of local advances to others.
17. To maximize the return of, replacement of, or restitution for stolen or damaged property by the person responsible or by the citizens of the community.
18. To maximize an index of the average citizen's perception of personal and property security.
19. To maximize the comfort, consistent with security, of citizens between the time of arrest and court action on their cases.

UTILITIES AND ENERGY

1. To assure for all citizens a power supply at least 99 percent reliable.
2. To achieve alternative power supplies or sources for 50 percent of the 1975 energy needs for homes, business, and industry.
3. To maximize the 10-year total tax return per 100 linear feet of utility provided.
4. To maximize the number of people served per 100 linear feet of utility provided.
5. To minimize disruptions in transportation, landscaping, and esthetic quality caused by utility construction and maintenance.
6. To provide abundant, high-quality water for all citizens indefinitely.
7. To minimize total long-term utility maintenance costs.
8. To minimize the costs of water treatment.
9. To maximize energy conservation throughout the community.
10. To minimize conspicuousness and visual impact of all utilities.
11. To maximize the efficiency of generation, transmission, and use and conservation of energy throughout the community by government and citizens.
12. To maximize the use of solar energy, both passive and active.
13. To maximize use of other non-fossil fuel energy sources.
14. To minimize heat, radiation, and nuclear hazards to citizens of the community associated with nuclear power generation.
15. To minimize urban heat-island effects.

CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

1. To assure that diverse cultural opportunities are available to citizens at reasonable costs.
2. To provide or assure space is available for opportunities for major cultural functions.

OPEN SPACE

1. To utilize public and private facilities, parks, schools, and existing open space within the community jointly to avoid unnecessary duplication of costs and services.
2. To acquire high quality open space to fulfill present needs and be adaptable to future demands.
3. To minimize duplication of open spaces preserved and the undesirable location of open space between contiguous communities.
4. To preserve resources such as water, forests, or prime agricultural land uniquely suited for open space purposes.
5. To protect areas which have significant recreational, scenic, cultural, scientific and natural resource potential from encroachment by urban uses.
6. To preserve and restore sites which have particular historic or architectural significance.
7. To maximize the linkage of the scenic resources of the community.
8. To provide, by roads and trails, open space recreational facilities that are appropriately distributed and readily accessible for all groups of citizens.
9. To maximize the amount of land in open space around standing or running water, in flood plains, near geological fault zones, on soils highly erosive, and in areas having steep slopes.
10. To protect existing noise screens, visual screens, and green belts.

TAXATION AND FINANCE

1. To minimize the median governmental costs within contiguous communities.
2. To maximize citizen knowledge of tax fund expenditures and services received within the community.
3. To maximize avenues for citizen expression of the desires for tax expenditures.
4. To minimize interest monies paid by public governance and other agencies.
5. To maximize the bonding capability of the government or groups in the community.
6. To seek and utilize income sources that are alternatives to taxes.
7. To maximize the effectiveness of a long-term operating and capital budgeting system for the community, providing optimal managerial control, accountability and predictability.
8. To maximize efficiencies at all levels of operation.
9. To maximize the currency of the tax base reflection of fair market value of property.
10. To equalize citizen payments for services received.
11. To minimize tax, bill and assessment collection costs and losses.
12. To execute purchasing efficiencies consistent with cash flow estimates.

COMMUNICATIONS

1. To maximize the number of citizens voting in local and state elections.
2. To maximize the precision and representativeness of citizens' inputs to local decisions.
3. To assure a diversity of government and private radio and TV inputs to citizens.
4. To provide to all prospective citizens information on the community and expectations of citizens.
5. To maximize communication of rules, regulations, plans, and opportunities for citizens within the community.
6. To minimize citizen involvement in problems caused by not knowing rules, regulations, and ordinances.
7. To minimize the time between citizen requests for information and answers received.
8. To achieve diversity in mass media content within the community.

SOCIAL SERVICES

1. To maximize the awareness of citizens of availability, scope, purpose, budget, and impact and evaluations of all social services within the community.
2. To maximize within contiguous communities the mean rate of change of families out of a "subsistence level" status.
3. To provide a cost-effective system of housing, tax relief, transportation, medical and dental care, and legal services to meet the needs of families on low or fixed incomes.
4. To mobilize resources and personnel of the community in an effective system of preventing welfare need, providing adequate services as needed, and enabling those receiving welfare to achieve viable, self- respecting lifestyles.
5. To minimize, within the community, the costs per unit of desired and needed services delivered.
6. To minimize the sliding, three-year mode of the time citizens are on welfare.
7. To maximize the flexibility of programs in meeting citizen needs.
8. To minimize the difference between mean citizen need and mean public agency response.
9. To maximize the self-sufficiency of citizens receiving welfare.
10. To provide support and services reflecting as nearly as possible the purchasing power of the dollar and costs of living.
11. To provide opportunities for meaningful employment of citizens by public agencies within the community.
12. To maximize the availability of suitable housing at equitable prices.

ESTHETICS AND BEAUTIFICATION

1. To maximize the visual quality of lands adjacent to corporate recreational lands.
2. To provide opportunity for architectural diversity within the community.
3. To minimize the conspicuousness of utilities to residents and travelers in the community.
4. To implement an effective system of street graphics and sign control.
5. To minimize the number of existing structures judged by a citizen's committee to be in disrepair, ugly, or having graffiti.
6. To minimize the number of structures constructed which would likely be judged by a representative citizen's committee to be ugly or incompatible with the esthetic evolution of the community.

OWNERSHIP

1. To maximize private ownership of all lands and property in the community.
2. To maximize local corporate ownership of property.
3. To maximize local control over standards for, quality of, and uses of property which is owned by those living outside the community.
4. To maximize in the community and in contiguous communities the sum of the citizen benefits resulting from each ownership decision.
5. To maximize understanding of public rights associated with all lands and the relations of such rights to ownership.
6. To maximize the benefits of adjacency ownership.
7. To maximize public ownership or control over right-of-way, open space, recreational areas, landscaped and historical sites, and other sites of public value or use.

TRANSPORTATION

1. To provide for ease of movement within the community by developing a road, street, and trail system.
2. To develop a balanced transportation system with appropriate emphasis on mass transportation.
3. To minimize the impact of roads, highways, streets, and trails on existing and future land uses.
4. To provide convenient access to and from high frequency land uses within the community.
5. To encourage desired development patterns by means of the transportation system.
6. To preserve the integrity of villages and neighborhoods within and contiguous to the community by appropriate traffic direction.
7. To improve the esthetic environment of the community through the landscaping of transportation arteries.
8. To minimize transportation-related accidents, injuries, and fatalities.
9. To provide for safe and convenient movement of pedestrian and bicycle traffic throughout the community.
10. To protect existing and proposed rights of way.
11. To maximize use of transportation corridors for utilities.
12. To minimize future highway modifications.
13. To minimize highway and road maintenance costs.
14. To maximize accessibility to long-distance gravel means.
15. To minimize traffic congestion, automotive standing time, and associated human stresses.
16. To maximize the mean comfort index of all roads within the community.

CIVIL DEFENSE

1. To maximize current citizens' knowledge of defense plans.
2. To minimize the response time in aiding victims of natural or human catastrophe.
3. To minimize the difference between the needs and the responses made by public agencies to victims of enemy attacks or natural or human catastrophe.
4. To minimize the cost of emergency preparedness.
5. To coordinate defense needs of citizens of the community with needs and services at state and national levels.
6. To maintain a civil defense command network.
7. To maintain a civil defense communication network.

HISTORY

1. To develop a complete written and pictorial history of the community.
2. To preserve those documents.
3. To preserve all historically significant documents, structures, and ecological communities.
4. To develop statistics and equations expressive of all aspects of the community and its people.
5. To achieve at least 75 percent mastery of knowledge of the relevant community history by at least 75 percent of the citizens of the community.
6. To minimize change in formally-designated historic buildings and sites.

WASTE

1. To minimize solid waste generated per unit time.
2. To minimize litter.
3. To maximize recycling of solid waste.
4. To minimize secondary undesirable effects of solid waste disposal.
5. To maximize public returns from solid waste recycling or use.
6. To minimize the area required for solid waste disposal.
7. To maximize solid waste separation at the source.
8. To maximize use of sewer plant and liquid chemical wastes.
9. To minimize storm sewer runoff.
10. To maximize the amount of sewer water from the community undergoing tertiary treatment.