Rural System's

Modern Wild Faunal Resource System Management

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Changing Natural Rural System Processes

The manager seeks to work with social and ecosystem processes. Ecosystem processes include but can be confused with ecological services. The well recognized ecosystem processes are:

Individuals

• birth (perhaps an event, not a process)
• death (same)
• respiration
• digestion
• growth
• excretion
• photosynthesis (plants)
• ingestion

  Populations

• birth
• death
• migration
• consumption
• predation
• competition

  Ecosystem

• succession
• productivity
• material (nutrient) cycling
• energy flow

As we examine a pond or lake ecosystem, we see conventional inputs and outputs but the concept of a simple process is no longer clear.

Whether "response to perturbations" is a process or not needs to be discussed. Ecosystems are always expressions of aggregated, variably delayed responses to non-simultaneous perturbations of different types. Response to perturbations is probably too gross an expression. For analyses and planned action, it must be described at least in a list that might include increased erosion, additions of toxic elements, and loss of species x.

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Revisions January 18, 2004, Jnauary 2007.