Belize Biodiversity Information System NAME - Brown Pelican FAMILY - Pelecanidae SCIENTIFIC NAME - Pelecanus occidentalis REFERENCES - 1 National abundance, Conservation or Economic Status Reference Transient, present briefly as migrant. 33 Resident, species present all year. 33 Resident, species present all year. 3 Apparently secure in Belize 32 Killed as agricultural/maricultural pests 32 Common: high density, likely to be seen in many places 32 Of concern: cayes and coastal zone 31 U.S. Migratory Bird Treaty 08 District Reference Belize 5 Cayo 4 Corozal 8 Orange Walk 7 Stann Creek 26 Toledo 9 Administrative Unit Occurrence Temporal Reference Coastal zone, not including cayes. Sighting Dry season 15 Coastal zone, not including cayes. Dry season 16 Coastal zone, not including cayes. Wet season 17 Mountain Pine Ridge Forest Reserve Sighting 4 Columbia River Forest Reserve Sighting August 9 Shipstern Nature Reserve Sighting Wet season 8 Rio Bravo Conservation Area 12 Rio Bravo Conservation Area 14 Rio Bravo Conservation Area 29 Gallon Jug 13 Half Moon Caye Natural Monument Sighting Wet season 22 Half Moon Caye Natural Monument Sighting Wet season 23 Half Moon Caye Natural Monument Permanent 24 Lamanai Archaeological Reserve 7 Northern Lagoon/Southern Lagoon (Prop 12 Private land, see comments Sighting Dry season 10 Private land, see comments 26 Government land Sighting August 25 Government land Sighting Dry season 11 Cayes, other; see comments Dry season 15 Turneffe Reef Sighting Wet season 18 Turneffe Reef 12 Monkey River Special Development Area March 27 Glovers Reef Marine Reserve 12 Caye Caulker 6 Hydrologic Association Reference New River Lagoon 29 Macal River 4 New River 7 Elevation Reference 1100-1200 m 9 1-200 m 25 1-200 m 29 1-200 m 30 1:50,000 Quadrangle Reference 17 45' to 18 00'; 88 30' to 88 45' 7 17 45' to 18 00'; 88 00' to 88 15' 6 17 30' to 17 45'; 89 00' to 89 15' 13 17 30' to 17 45'; 88 30' to 88 45' 12 17 30' to 17 45'; 88 30' to 88 45' 29 17 30' to 17 45'; 88 10' to 88 30' 30 17 30' to 17 45'; 88 10' to 88 30' 5 17 30' to 17 45'; 88 00' to 88 15' 6 17 15' to 17 30'; 88 30' to 88 45' 30 17 15' to 17 30'; 88 00' to 88 10' 11 17 00' to 17 15'; 88 45' to 89 00' 30 17 00' to 17 15'; 88 45' to 89 00' 5 17 00' to 17 15'; 88 30' to 88 45' 30 17 00' to 17 15'; 88 30' to 88 45' 5 17 00' to 17 15'; 88 00' to 88 30' 12 16 45' to 17 00'; 88 45' to 89 00' 4 16 45' to 17 00'; 88 15' to 88 30' 26 16 45' to 17 00'; 88 00' to 88 10' 25 16 15' to 16 30'; 89 00' to 89 15' 9 18 15' to 18 30'; 88 00' to 88 15' 8 16 15' to 16 30'; 88 15' to 88 30' 27 16 30' to 16 45'; 87 45' to 88 00' 12 16 45' to 17 00'; 87 45' to 88 00' 12 17 00' to 17 15'; 87 30' to 87 45' 22 17 00' to 17 15'; 87 30' to 87 45' 23 17 00' to 17 15'; 87 30' to 87 45' 24 17 15' to 17 30'; 87 45' to 88 00' 12 17 15' to 17 30'; 87 45' to 88 00' 18 17 45' to 18 00'; 89 00' to 89 15' 14 17 45' to 18 00'; 88 45' to 89 00' 10 Holdridge Life Zone Reference Tropical moist-transition to Subtropical 30 Tropical moist-transition to Subtropical 25 Subtropical moist 30 Subtropical moist 29 Subtropical Lower Montane moist 9 Marine 24 Marine 23 Marine 22 General Distribution Comments 33* Uncommon coastal/low-lands savannas, inc. marshy areas. Common mangroves lowlands & coastal beaches. Common cayes inc. Ambergris. Transient sub-tropical lower montane forest. 15* no specific comments of which cayes offshore 12* Calabash Caye 10* Gold Button Ranch 4* Rubber Camp 3* Common mangroves and beaches coastal areas and cayes. References 1 A.O.U. 1983. Checklist of North American Birds. 6th Ed. 2 A.O.U. 1985, 1987, 1989. 35th-37th Supplements. 3 Wood, D.S.,R. C. Leberman, and D. Weyer. 1986. Checklist of Birds of Belize. Carnegie Museum of Natural History Special Publication 12. 4 Miller, B.W.; C.M. Miller. 1992. Preliminary Avian Survey of the Upper Macal River: Rubber Camp and Francelia Camp, pp.55-63. in Macal River Hydroelectric Development Environmental Impact Assessment Rubber Camp and Chalillo Schemes Pre-feasibility Study - Draft Environmental Appendix. Vol. II of III 5 Miller, B. W., 1994. Belize Christmas Bird Counts, Twenty Year Summary. in prep. 6 McRae, E. 1993. Preliminary Check-list - Birds of Caye Caulker. 7 Noble, B., B. Stewart, J. Dillon. 1994. Lamanai Bird List, Mid-October 1993 - 16 March 1994. 8 Meerman, J. 1993. Checklist of the Birds of the Shipstern Nature Reserve, Occasional Papers of the Belize Natural History Society. 2(10). pp. 71-81. 9 Matola, S., compiler. 1989. Doyle's Delight, 20 - 31 August. Unpublished report. 10 Platt, S. 1993. Wildlife Survey of Gold Button Ranch, Belize. Unpublished report. 11 McDuffie, P. 1993. Personal Bird List for Belize: September 1, 1989 - December 15, 1993. Unpublished list. 12 Russell, S. M. 1964. A Distributional Study of the Birds of British Honduras. Ornithological Monographs No. 1, A.O.U. 13 Miller, B., C. Miller. 1994. A working checklist of the birds of Gallon Jug. Unpublished list. 14 Anon. 1994 (August). Working Checklist, Birds of Rio Bravo Conservation Management Area. Unpublished list. 15 Counsell, D.J.R., B. Etheridge. 1986. RAFOS Expedition to Belize. Unpublished report. 16 Hallchurch, T.T., compiler. 1982. Exercise King Vulture Belize 23 Feb.- 16 March. Unpub. report for the British Army Bird Watching Society. 17 Jenkins, P. G. 1982. The Royal Air Force Ornithological Society Belize Expedition, 1981. 80.pp Unpublished report. 18 Platt, S. G. 1994. Checklist of Fauna Recorded During Crocodile Surveys of Turneffe Atoll. Unpub. checklist. 19 Miller, B.W., C.M. Miller, S. N. G. Howell. In prep. An Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Belize. 20 Stiles, F. G., A. F. Skutch. 1989. A Guide to the Birds of Costa Rica. Ithaca, NY. Comstock Publishing Associates 21 Howell, S. N. G., S. Webb. 1995. A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America. New York. Oxford University Press. 22 Meadows, M. 1982. A Trip to Half Moon Caye 26-30 July, 1982. Belize Audubon Society Bulletin. 14(6):1-2. 23 Miller, C. M., B. W. Miller. 1995. Avian Surveys: Half Moon Caye Natural Monument. Unpublished report for Belize Audubon Society. 24 Pomeroy, C. 1989. Internship Report, Half Moon Caye Natural Monument. Unpublished report for Belize Audubon Society. 25 Robbins, Chandler. 1996. U.S.F.& Wildlife Service Wintering Bird Surveys for Belize. Unpublished data provided by C. Robbins. 26 Meerman, J., T. Boomsma. 1995. False Sittee Point, Stann Creek District, Belize. Biological and Physical Survey 1995. p. 19. 27 Meerman, J.C. ed. 1995. Monkey River Special Development Area Stann Creek District, Belize. Belize Tropical Forest Studies Publication #5. Unpublished Technical report for B.E.S.T. 28 Title 50 Code of Federal Regulations, Subchapter B., Part 10.13: List of Migratory Birds. U.S. Government Printing Office: 1985 0-488-794. (Lists all species of migratory birds protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. 703-711). 29 Vallely, A. C., A. A. Whitman. 1996. The birds of Hill Bank, northern Belize. Unpublished report for Programme for Belize. 30 Miller, B. W. 1997. Belize Christmas Bird Count Summary 1970-1995. Data from American Birds Vol. 28-50 including 1973-1996. 31 McRae, E., 1994. The Birds of Belize's Coastal Zone: Species, Distribution, Current Status, Threats to Their Well-being, and Potential Measures to Reduce Their impact. Unpublished report. 32 Miller, B.W., C.M. Miller. 1997. Avian Risk Assessment for Belize, Species at Risk and of Conservation Concern. Report to Programme for Belize/TNC Wings of America Program. 33 Garcia, J., S. Matola, M. Meadows, and C. Wright. 1994. A Checklist of the Birds of Belize. WWF-US. 35p.
Wildlife Conservation Society
Ministry of Natural Resources' Land Information Centre
01/19/98